Uniform ellipse

von Mises yield criterion for tube loaded by internal and external pressures and axial stress.

Nonuniform ellipse

von Mises yield criterion for tube loaded by internal and external pressure and axial stress, ISO 13679 or API RP 5C5 representation.

Uniform circle

von Mises yield criterion expressed in terms of internal and external pressure and effective stress.

Circumferential (or hoop) Stress

Stress along the pipe's circumference, perpendicular to the axial direction, when pressure is applied.

Radial Stress

Effective stress acting in the radial direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe.

Longitudinal Stress

The direction of the longitudinal stress in a pipe is parallel to the longitudinal axis of its centerline axis.

Uniform Axial Stress

The component of axial stress not due to bending, assumed uniform across any cross section.

Bending Stress

The axial stress due to solely to bending. The stress can be positive (tension) or negative (compression), depending on the location of the point in the cross section.

Torsional Stress

The torsional shear stress is acting in the circumferential direction on the pipe cross section.

ES Equation - Bending, curvature

The equivalent stress based on internal and external pressures, axial force, torsional moment and bending defined as a tube curvature.

ES Equation - Bending, moment

The equivalent stress based on internal and external pressures, axial force, and bending and torsional moments.

ES Equation - No Bending

The equivalent stress based on internal and external pressures, axial force, torsional moment and absence of bending.

Capped-end Conditions

A design equation for internal pressure of the pipe body at yield with capped-end conditions.

Open-end Conditions

A design equation for internal pressure of the pipe body at yield with open-end conditions.

Allowable Tensile Force

A design equation for axial tensile force of the pipe body at yield.

External Pressure Resistance-API

The collapse design equation for load cases with dominated external pressure. This approach combines theoretical, numerical and statistical tools.

External Pressure Resistance-ASME

The collapse design equations for THICK/THIN pipes under external pressure. This approach is based on geometric charts for A and B factors.

Buckling under External Pressure

The design equations obtaining the critical external pressure of an unstiffened perfect cylindrical shell. This approach includes 4 analytical formulations.

Test Cell with Bolted Cap

The component of axial stress + bending for each Bolt, assumed even location of the bolt pattern over PCD. Calculations disregard the strength of the other parts of the test cell except the Bolts.

Test Cell with Threaded Cap

The component of axial stress for the threaded section, assumed pressurized threads. Calculations disregard the strength of the other parts of the test cell except the threads.

Test Cell with Threaded Cap

The component of axial stress for the threaded section, assumed non-pressurized threads. Calculations disregard the strength of the other parts of the test cell except the threads.

Force to shear full ring

Differential pressure is translated into piston force to shear the ring over the full diameter.

Force to shear ring with segments

Differential pressure is translated into piston force to shear the ring with cutouts over the full diameter.

Force to shear pins

Differential pressure is translated into piston force to shear the pins installed equally over the full diameter.

Torque with no Clearance

Both threaded pin and box make contact at the internal and external shoulders. Additional torque is translated into axial stress across the thread relief of the pin and box.

Torque with External Clearance

Threaded pin makes contact at the internal shoulder. Additional torque is translated into axial stress across the thread relief of the box.

Torque with Internal Clearance

Threaded box makes contact at the external shoulder. Additional torque is translated into axial stress across the thread relief of the pin.

Stress-Strain Curves

Model of the stress-strain curve is considering the strain hardening characteristics with input values at specified temperature.

Fatigue Curves

Smooth bar design fatigue curves for different materials with the known stress amplitude.

Fatigue Analysis Screening

Screening options, using Method A or Method B, determine the need for fatigue analysis.

Method A
Method B
Young's Modulus de-rating

Model of the de-rating young's modulus property of a material due to evaluated temperature.

Yield Strength de-rating

Model of the de-rating yield strength property of a material due to evaluated temperature.

Ultimate Tensile Strength de-rating

Model of the de-rating ultimate tensile strength property of a material due to evaluated temperature.