External Pressure Resistance-API

The collapse design equation for load cases with dominated external pressure. This approach combines theoretical, numerical and statistical tools.

External Pressure Resistance-ASME

The collapse design equations for THICK/THIN pipes under external pressure. This approach is based on geometric charts for A and B factors.

Buckling under External Pressure

The design equations obtaining the critical external pressure of an unstiffened perfect cylindrical shell. This approach includes 4 analytical formulations.